vinayas of the five schools ［五部律］ ( gobu-ritsu): Texts on monastic rules produced by five of the twenty Hinayana schools in India. They are The Fourfold Rules of Discipline of the Dharmagupta school, The Ten Divisions of Monastic Rules of the Sarvāstivāda school, The Fivefold Rules of Discipline of the Mahīshāsaka school, The Great Canon of Monastic Rules of the Mahāsamghika school, and The Monastic Rules for Emancipation of the Kāshyapīya school. Four of the above five texts are extant in Chinese translation. The text of the Kāshyapīya school is not extant either in Sanskrit or Chinese, though its Chinese title is recorded as The Monastic Rules for Emancipation. In China and Japan, The Fourfold Rules of Discipline was regarded as the most important of these texts and was used most widely. The Precepts (Chin Lü;  Ritsu) school based itself upon this work.