Myōun ［明雲］ (1115–1183): The fifty-fifth and fifty-seventh chief priest of Enryaku-ji, the head temple of the Tendai school on Mount Hiei in Japan. He studied both the exoteric and esoteric teachings under Benkaku and in 1167 became the fifty-fifth chief priest of Enryaku-ji. In 1176 the so-called warrior-monks of Enryaku-ji made a direct appeal to the imperial court protesting the destruction of a branch temple of the school by a provincial lord. The Retired Emperor Goshirakawa, angered by the illegal appeal, had Myōun exiled to Izu. En route, however, he was rescued by his armed disciples. Thereafter Goshirakawa pardoned him, and Myōun became the fifty-seventh chief priest in 1179. When Myōun visited the retired emperor at his palace, it was attacked by forces led by Minamoto no Yoshinaka, a general of the Minamoto clan, and Myōun was struck and killed by a stray arrow.