Madhyāntika ［末田提・末田地］ (;  Madendai or Madenji): Also known as Madhyantika. A monk in India who received the Buddha’s teachings from Ānanda and propagated them in Kashmir. A History of the Buddha’s Successors lists the twenty-three successors of the Buddha from the first, Mahākāshyapa, through the last, Āryasimha. The text describes Ānanda as the second successor and Shānavāsa as the third. It also refers to Madhyāntika as a successor of Ānanda, though not as the formal one. Chang-an, T’ien-t’ai’s successor, writes in his preface to Great Concentration and Insight that Madhyāntika and Shānavāsa are contemporaries who inherited the Buddha’s teachings from Ānanda, and that, if both are included among the Buddha’s successors, they number twenty-four. Among these twenty-four successors, Madhyāntika is regarded as the third and Shānavāsa as the fourth.