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  • The Writings of Nichiren Daishonin I/II
    • Volume I
    • Volume II
  • The Lotus Sutra and Its Opening and Closing Sutras
  • The Record of the Orally Transmitted Teachings
  • The Soka Gakkai Dictionary of Buddhism

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oneness of life and its environment | Dictionary of Buddhism | Nichiren Buddhism Library
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  • Ōama

    [大尼] (n.d.)

  • Ōbaku school

    [黄檗宗] ( Ōbaku-shū)

  • Object of Devotion for Observing the Mind, The

    [観心本尊抄] ( Kanjin-no-honzon-shō)

  • object of devotion of the essential teaching

    [本門の本尊] ( hommon-no-honzon)

  • observation of the mind

    [観心] ( kanjin)

  • ocean-imprint meditation

    [海印三昧] ( kaiin-zammai)

  • Ocean of Meditation on the Buddha Sutra

    [観仏三昧海経] (Chin Kuan-fo-san-mei-hai-ching;  Kambutsu-sammai-kai-kyō)

  • offering

    [供養] ( kuyō)

  • Ōhara Discourse

    [大原問答・大原談義] ( Ōhara-mondō or Ōhara-dangi)

  • old translations

    [旧訳] ( kuyaku)

  • om

    [唵] (;  on)

  • Omosu Seminary

    [重須談所] ( Omosu-dansho)

  • once-returner

    [斯陀含・一来] ( sakridāgāmin; Pali sakadāgāmin;  shidagon or ichirai)

  • On Chanting the Daimoku of the Lotus Sutra

    [唱法華題目抄] ( Shōhokke-daimoku-shō)

  • one Buddha vehicle

    [一仏乗] ( ichi-butsujō)

  • one chapter and two halves

    [一品二半] ( ippon-nihan)

  • one-eyed turtle

    [一眼の亀] ( ichigen-no-kame)

  • one great reason

    [一大事] ( ichidaiji)

  • One Hundred Records of the Great Teacher T’ien-t’ai, The

    [国清百録] (Chin Kuo-ch’ing-pai-lu;  Kokusei-hyakuroku)

  • One-Hundred-Verse Treatise, The

    [百論] (Chin Pai-lun;  Hyaku-ron)

  • oneness of body and mind

    [色心不二] ( shikishin-funi)

  • oneness of delusion and enlightenment

    [迷悟不二・迷悟一体] ( meigo-funi or meigo-ittai)

  • oneness of good and evil

    [善悪不二] ( zen’aku-funi)

  • oneness of life and its environment

    [依正不二] ( eshō-funi)

  • oneness of living beings and Buddhas

    [生仏不二・生仏一如] ( shōbutsu-funi or shōbutsu-ichinyo)

  • oneness of the Person and the Law

    [人法一箇] ( nimpō-ikka)

  • On Establishing the Correct Teaching for the Peace of the Land

    [立正安国論] ( Risshō-ankoku-ron)

  • one vehicle

    [一乗] ( ekayāna;  ichijō)

  • one vehicle teaching

    [一乗法] ( ichijō-hō)

  • One Who Can Endure

    [能忍] ( nōnin)

  • Ōnichi-nyo

    [王日女] (n.d.)

  • Onjō-ji

    [園城寺]

  • On Refuting the Five Priests

    [五人所破抄] ( Gonin-shoha-shō)

  • On Repaying Debts of Gratitude

    [報恩抄] ( Hō’on-shō)

  • On Taking the Essence of the Lotus Sutra

    [法華取要抄] ( Hokke-shuyō-shō)

  • On the Formalities

    [化儀抄] ( Kegi-shō)

  • On the Four Stages of Faith and the Five Stages of Practice

    [四信五品抄] ( Shishin-gohon-shō)

  • On the Peaceful Practices of the Lotus Sutra

    [法華経安楽行義] (Chin Fa-hua-ching-an-lo-hsing-i;  Hokekyō-anrakugyō-gi)

  • Opening of the Eyes, The

    [開目抄] ( Kaimokū-sho)

  • opening the near and revealing the distant

    [開近顕遠] ( kaigon-kennon)

  • opening the provisional and revealing the true

    [開権顕実] ( kaigon-kenjitsu)

  • opening the three vehicles and revealing the one vehicle

    [開三顕一] ( kaisan-ken’ichi)

  • opposite shore

    [彼岸] ( higan)

  • ordinary person

    [凡夫] ( prithag-jana or bāla;  bompu or bombu)

  • ordination platform

    [戒壇] ( kaidan)

  • original Buddha

    [本仏] ( hombutsu)

  • original enlightenment

    [本覚] ( hongaku)

  • original vows

    [本願] ( pūrvapranidhāna;  hongan)

  • Ornament of Mahayana Sutras, The

    [大乗荘厳経論] ( Mahāyāna-sūtrālamkāra; Chin Ta-ch’eng-chuang-yen-ching-lun;  Daijō-shōgonkyō-ron)

  • Ōta Jōmyō

    [大田乗明] (1222–1283)

  • other shore

    [彼岸] ( higan)

  • Oto

    [乙] (n.d.)

  • outflows

    [漏] ( āsrava;  ro)

  • Outside-the-Mountain school

    [山外派] (Chin Shan-wai-p’ai;  Sangai-ha)

  • Outstanding Principles of the Lotus Sutra, The

    [法華秀句] ( Hokke-shūku)

  • Ōwa Debate

    [応和の宗論] ( Ōwa-no-shūron)

  • ox-headed demons

    [牛頭] ( goshīrsha;  gozu)

  • ox-head sandalwood

    [牛頭栴檀] ( goshīrsha-chandana;  gozu-sendan)

  • ox-head sandalwood

    [牛頭栴檀] ( goshīrsha-chandana;  gozu-sendan)

oneness of life and its environment [依正不二] ( eshō-funi): Also, non-duality of life and its environment. The principle that life and its environment, though two seemingly distinct phenomena, are essentially non-dual; they are two integral phases of a single reality. In the Japanese term eshō-funi, eshō is a compound of shōhō, meaning life or a living being, and ehō, its environment. Funi, meaning “not two,” indicates oneness or non-duality. It is short for nini-funi, which means “two (in phenomena) but not two (in essence).” Hō of shōhō and ehō means reward or effect. It indicates that “life” constitutes a subjective self that experiences the effects of its past actions, and “its environment” is an objective realm in which individuals’ karmic rewards find expression. Each living being has its own unique environment. The effects of karma appear in oneself and in one’s objective environment, because self and environment are two integral aspects of an individual. The Treatise on the Great Perfection of Wisdom by Nāgārjuna (c. 150–250) introduces the concept of the three realms of existence, which views life from three different standpoints and explains the manifestation of individual lives in the real world. These three are the realm of the five components of life, the realm of living beings, each as a temporary combination of these components, and the realm of the environment. T’ien-t’ai (538–597) included this concept in his doctrine of three thousand realms in a single moment of life. According to Miao-lo’s Annotations on “The Profound Meaning of the Lotus Sutra,” two of these three realms—the realm of the five components and the realm of living beings—represent “life,” and, naturally, the realm of the environment represents “environment” in terms of the principle of oneness of life and its environment. These three realms exist in a single moment of life and are inseparable from one another. Therefore, a living being and its environment are non-dual in their ultimate reality. Nichiren (1222–1282) writes in his letter On Omens: “The ten directions are the ‘environment,’ and living beings are ‘life.’ To illustrate, environment is like the shadow, and life, the body. Without the body, no shadow can exist, and without life, no environment. In the same way, life is shaped by its environment” (644). He also writes in On Attaining Buddhahood in This Lifetime: “If the minds of living beings are impure, their land is also impure, but if their minds are pure, so is their land. There are not two lands, pure or impure in themselves. The difference lies solely in the good or evil of our minds” (4).


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