Chin-kang-chih ［金剛智］ (671–741) (PY Jingangzhi;  Vajrabodhi;  Kongōchi): An Indian monk who went to China to disseminate Esoteric Buddhism. Chin-kang-chih is his Chinese name. Born in southern India (or central India according to some sources), he entered Nālandā Monastery at age ten and formally received the precepts at twenty. He studied the monastic disciplines of Hinayana and Mahayana, as well as The Treatise on the Lamp of Wisdom, The One-Hundred-Verse Treatise, The Treatise on the Twelve Gates, and other treatises. At thirty-one, he became a disciple of Nāgabodhi, who initiated him into the study of the esoteric scriptures. In 720 Chin-kang-chih went to Lo-yang in China, where he won the patronage of Emperor Hsüan-tsung and translated into Chinese several esoteric scriptures, including the Diamond Crown Sutra. The True Word ( Shingon) school regards him as the fifth patriarch in the lineage of Esoteric Buddhism. His disciple Pu-k’ung ( Amoghavajra) succeeded him.