Pārshva ［脇比丘・脇尊者］ (n.d.) (;  Kyō-biku or Kyō-sonja): A monk of the Sarvāstivāda school in India during the second century who is considered the ninth of Shakyamuni Buddha’s twenty-three, or the tenth of his twenty-four, successors. The Record of the Lineage of the Buddha and the Patriarchs gives his birthplace as central India. According to this work, he renounced secular life and received the precepts under the guidance of Buddhamitra, his predecessor among the Buddha’s successors, and later transferred the Buddha’s teachings to Punyayashas, who in turn transferred them to Ashvaghosha. Tradition has it that, under the patronage of King Kanishka, Pārshva and Vasumitra summoned some five hundred monks and convened the Fourth Buddhist Council in Kashmir, at which Buddhist scriptures were compiled and The Great Commentary on the Abhidharma produced.