Doctrines of the Different Schools, The ［異部宗輪論］ ( Samaya-bhedoparachana-chakra; Chin I-pu-tsung-lun-lun;  Ibushūrin-ron): A one-volume work by Vasumitra, translated into Chinese in 662 by Hsüan-tsang. The Sanskrit original is not extant, but a Tibetan translation exists. As for the Chinese translation, two more versions are extant: The Different Tenets of the Schools by Paramārtha and The Eighteen Schools by Kumārajīva. The Doctrines of the Different Schools elaborates on the various Hinayana schools created as a result of schisms in the Buddhist Order that began one hundred years after Shakyamuni’s death. Written from the viewpoint of the Sarvāstivāda school, one of the major Hinayana schools, this treatise describes details of the schisms and the doctrines of the various schools. It is valued as a reference for the study of the Hinayana schools in India.