Dharmapāla ［護法］ (530–561) (;  Gohō): An Indian scholar of the Consciousness-Only school. One of the ten great scholars of the school, he contributed greatly to establishing its theoretical basis. Born in southern India, he became a monk on the eve of his planned marriage. He studied both Hinayana and Mahayana, and while still young, he became a chief instructor of Nālandā Monastery and produced many excellent disciples. Hsüan-tsang, who journeyed to India in the seventh century, studied Dharmapāla’s doctrine under Dharmapāla’s disciple Shīlabhadra and brought it back to China. Dharmapāla wrote The Treatise on the Establishment of the Consciousness-Only Doctrine, a commentary on Vasubandhu’s Thirty-Stanza Treatise on the Consciousness-Only Doctrine. In this commentary he cites the different interpretations of Vasubandhu’s treatise by the other nine great scholars of that school and emphasizes the correctness of his own interpretation.