eight consciousnesses ［八識］ ( hasshiki): Eight kinds of discernment: (1) sight-consciousness, (2) hearing-consciousness, (3) smell-consciousness, (4) taste-consciousness, (5) touch-consciousness, (6) mind-consciousness, (7) mano-consciousness, and (8) ālaya-consciousness. The concept of eight consciousnesses was set forth by the ConsciousnessOnly school. The first six consciousnesses—sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, and thought—were originally expounded by the Hinayana schools. The Consciousness-Only school of Mahayana tradition delved into the subconscious and postulated the seventh and eighth consciousnesses. The school named them, respectively, the mano-consciousness and the ālaya-consciousness, and formulated the doctrine of eight consciousnesses. The mano-consciousness is the realm of the ego, or where the sense of self resides. The Sanskrit word manas, from which mano of mano-consciousness derives, means to ponder. This consciousness performs the function of abstract thought and discerns the inner world. The ālaya-consciousness is regarded as the source of one’s body and mind as well as the natural world. Ālaya means abode, dwelling, or receptacle. It is also called the storehouse consciousness because all karma created in the present and previous lifetimes is stored there. See also ālaya-consciousness; mano-consciousness.