four major offenses ［四重罪・四波羅夷罪］ ( shi-jūzai or shi-haraizai): Also, four grave offenses, four unpardonable offenses, or four pārājika offenses. The offenses of (1) killing a human being, (2) stealing, (3) having sexual relations, and (4) lying (particularly, lying about one’s level of insight or spiritual attainment). These four acts are the gravest of all the offenses proscribed by monastic discipline, warranting automatic expulsion from the Buddhist Order. The Sanskrit word pārājika means “deserving of expulsion.”