five precepts [五戒] ( go-kai): The basic precepts to be observed by laypersons. They are (1) not to kill, (2) not to steal, (3) not to engage in sexual misconduct (such as adultery), (4) not to lie, and (5) not to consume intoxicants. The five precepts are regarded as the most fundamental of Buddhist precepts; in addition, Buddhism views them as basic moral guidelines for humanity. The word precept is interpreted as “preventing error and putting an end to evil.” A layperson was required to vow to observe the five precepts upon becoming a Buddhist. The Sanskrit word shīla for precept also means custom, disposition, integrity, morality, piety, virtue, or rules of moral conduct.