four methods of winning people [四摂法・四摂事] ( shi-shōbō or shi-shōji): Four methods employed by bodhisattvas to attract others to Buddhism. They are (1) expounding the Buddha’s teachings and/or giving material things; (2) speaking in a kindly manner; (3) acting to benefit others; and (4) sharing others’ hardships and cooperating with them. Bodhisattvas carry out these four kinds of conduct to win people’s friendship and trust and finally to lead them to the way of the Buddha.